Intermediate Coursebook

Trial

[🚧 UNDER ACTIVE CONSTRUCTION 🚧]

This book is designed for Intermediate students of Bambara/Jula.

It picks up where the Advanced Beginner Coursebook ends.

These materials are for use in the live Intermediate Seminar course, but can also be used for independent study.

Grammar Points Covered

Kan Caman

  • Relatives with min

Foli

  • Passive voice
  • Expressing "like; as if" with i n'aĚ€ fÉ”, i ko, komi, etc
  • Adjuncts (AKA "Circonstants")

Telefɔni

  • The instrumental suffix -lan
  • Postverbal adverbs

Warimisɛn

  • Comparative constructions to express "more than" or "-er" with qualitative verbs and (ni) X ye
  • Using ka kÉ› to express "to occur; to happen; to be"
  • The suffix -la/na for places

SOTRAMA

  • Comparatives constructions with ka tÉ›mÉ› X kan
  • Superlative constructions
  • Span-of-time words (e.g., “since”, “ago” and “for”, etc)

Sabari

  • The distributive o construction to express "each/every"
  • Expressing "before(hand)" or "ever" with ka ye (and ka deli)
    (NOTE: Need to add "ka deli")
  • Stage-of-time words (e.g., fÉ”lÉ”, kaban, tuguni, etc., to express "yet", "already", "anymore", etc)

Nɛnɛ

  • N+V Compound verbs like daminÉ›
  • Use of yanni to express "before" or "instead"
  • Verbal reduplication to express repetition or intensity
  • Jula Accent Features
    • The lo variant of the focalization marker le
    • R and L variability in and between Bambara and Jula
  • Use of fÉ›nkÉ› as a placeholder or filler
    (NOTE: To be removed and saved elsewhere)
  • Use of k'i yÉ›rÉ› sÉ”rÉ” to express "to seek/obtain well-being"
    (NOTE: To be removed and saved elsewhere [or not)

Bisi Kura

  • The preposition fo "until"
    (NOTE: Requires expansion)
  • The verbal prefixes la-, ma-, sÉ”-

Tunga

  • Expressing "need;must" with Fo X ka
  • Using o b'aĚ€ sÉ”rÉ” to express "it so happens', etc.

Surun

  • Expressing "To each, their X" with Bɛɛ n'i ka X
    (NOTE: Note a "core" grammar point)
  • Expressing "because of X", etc., with X kanma and X kosÉ”n
  • Using ka to as "to cause" to express "which is why"

Ouaga vs Bobo

  • Expressing "since" or "seeing as" with komi or ikomi
  • Complex derivation or word-building with multiple suffixes (e.g., -bali plus -ya)
  • Expressing "the same" with kelen

Senankuya

  • Demonstratives
  • Agentive suffixes
  • Adjectives derived from nouns via -ma, -lama, and -ntan

Lɔgɔ

  • Use of X bɛɛ ni aĚ€ bɛɛ for emphasis
    (NOTE: Not Core grammar. Likely to remove and likely not taught as main course chapter)